Dynamic changes in Zhalong Wetland landscape from 1980 to 2015

Wetlands have important functions in protecting biodiversity, regulating floods and runoff．The 7th period of land use data for Zhalong Wetland from 1980 to 2015, meteorological data of the past 35 years and statistical yearbook data were used for mathematical statistics, spatial analysis and landscape pattern index, to analyze the temporal and spatial changes in landscape types and landscape patterns in Zhalong Wetland. Changes and their driving factors．Issues such as ecological environmental protection measures was discussed．The landscape types in the northwest, middle-east and southwest of Zhalong Wetland were found to have changed significantly in the past 35 years, been seriously disturbed by human activities．The total area of marshland was found to have decreased the most, total area of arable land increased the most, total area of grassland, woodland and unused land increased to varying degrees, but area of water and construction land remained unchanged．The Zhalong wetland landscape was highly fragmented from 1995 to 2005, such changes were significant from 2000 to 2005．Increases in arable land, woodland and grassland, decreases in waters and swamps were found to have direct impacts on fragmentation of landscape．Increased temperatures enhanced potential evaporation of wetland water bodies, affecting wetland water balance．The construction of large-scale water conservancy facilities and water replenishment projects effectively alleviated the lack of water in wetlands, at the same time broke the natural ecological hydrological model of wetlands, and aggravated fragmentation in wetland landscapes．It is concluded that with rapid development of social economy and acceleration in urbanization, the function and sustainable development of wetland ecosystems are facing major challenges．