Spatial pattern of habitat quality and driving factors in Heilongjiang Province

Habitat is important for animal survival and reproduction．Analysis of factors affecting habitat quality is of great significance to maintain ecological health and safety．InVEST model was used here to evaluate habitat quality in Heilongjiang Province, Multi-scale Geographical Weighted Regression model was used to explore spatial scale differences in the effect of natural and human factors on habitat quality and degree of influence．It was found that habitat qualities in mountain areas such as Greater Khingan Range, Lesser Khingan Mountains and Zhangguangcai Mountains were relatively high, while habitat quality in Songnen Plain and Sanjiang Plain were relatively low．Multi-scale Geographically Weighted Regression identified that fertilizer usage, crop planting area per unit area, altitude, vegetation net primary productivity, and annual average temperature affected habitat quality at local scales of 62, 44, 43, 43 and 43, respectively, but annual average rainfall, PM_2.5 emissions, population, GDP, soil pH influenced habitat quality on approximately a global scale．Significance test of regression coefficient showed that effects of socio-economic factors on habitat quality presented a significant negative correlation．Significant positive correlation was found between elevation, net primary productivity of vegetation, and habitat quality, significant negative correlation was identified with pH of soil surface．The present work will form some scientific basis to adjust spatial distribution of land use, and to protect regional ecological environment in Heilongjiang Province．