Atmospheric teleconnections path of global surface temperature

Analysis of surface air temperature (SAT) teleconnections is considered a key issue in climate change research．In this paper, complex network approach was used to analyze correlation and time lags between different regions of SAT, to establish a global SAT network reflecting atmospheric teleconnections to give their teleconnections path．Enhanced distribution of large weights is observed at 3 500 km, 7 000 km , corresponding to 1/2, 1 wavelength of Rossby wave．Dominant nodes in the SAT network are recognizable in East Asia and the westward-extending North Pacific Ocean, the east coast of the United States, the adjacent North Atlantic region in-the Northern Hemisphere．In southern hemisphere, the patterns of density nodes are found to lie on a band centered near 50° S in the subtropical region．The wave structure is found more pronounced in the Southern Hemisphere．Typical tele-connection paths are found to correspond to different circulation effects．The connection from central North Pacific to Mexico reflects the action of the westerly wind belt．The connections from the North Atlantic propagation to northern Africa, from Greenland to the Caspian Sea are part of the trans-Eurasian wave train connecting North Atlantic to Eurasia．The Russian Kara Sea to North Pacific connection is closely related to North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)．The Southern Hemisphere connection reflects influence of atmospheric westerly belt and Rossby wave．Analysis of teleconnections is therefore useful to understand better surface temperature changes, providing some theoretical basis in mitigating global changes．