Organic electroluminescence: past, present and future

Organic electroluminescent materials went through two stages of development in terms of morphology (single crystals and thin films) and three generations of materials in terms of exciton utilization mechanism．Several new methods have appeared in recent years to improve the utilization rate of excitons．For novel organic electroluminescent materials the trend now is to integrate new data-driven technologies such as machine learning and artificial intelligence．Six decades of development has now made organic electroluminescent devices household items, to steadily improve people’s everyday life．