Value accounting and dynamic analysis of the “Two Mountains” strategy 2000-2020

Systematic accounting of the “Blue Waters, Green Mountains” National Strategy is an important prerequisite and a foundation for ecological value accounting and integrated protection of ecosystems of Chinese montains, rivers, forests, croplands, lakes and grasslands．Eco-products, especially of the regulation services type, are key to measure human benefits from ecosystems, but are difficult to account and computate．Therefore in this work “eco-coin” theory and accounting was proposed, to complete, eco-coin assessment, ranking and dynamic analysis in 31 provinces (municipalities/autonomous regions) and 342 prefecture level cities in China from 2000 to 2020．Evaluations accurately quantified dynamic trend in regulation services in China, and reflected achievements in ecological civilization construction in recent years．The national regulation services were estimated to be worth 46.70 trillion eco-coins in 2020, regulation services showed a gentle upward trend in the 20 year period, with an overall increase of 20%, ecological environment had improved．Regulation services showed an increasing trend in all 31 provinces．Provinces with the largest increase were concentrated in the north and southwest．Regulation services in 90% (310/342) of the 342 prefecture-level cities had increased．Prefecture-level cities with higher ecosystem services mainly distributed in the western regions and Inner Mongolia．Dividing the “Two Mountains” policy into “Gold Mountain” for regulation services and “Silver Mountain” for supplying services will help to analyze the “Two Mountains” policy in detail and provide a solid base for subsequent value realization.